What to expect in the early days after having a baby

Have you heard of the fourth trimester? This is a term to describe those first few months after giving birth. There are crucial changes that occur in both mother and baby, that are best prepared for during pregnancy. This period includes significant emotional and physical changes to the mother and developmental and behavioural shifts in the baby. As your body heals post birth, you’ll find it easier understanding what to expect in the first week. Family and partner support can also help make this transition smoother. For those that have little outside support, it’s worth speaking to your health visitor, GP or midwife to see if there are any services that you can access.

What to Expect in the First Week

There are a number of things that you may notice in the first few days after giving birth, regardless of whether you have had a vaginal birth or caesarean birth. These include:

• Blood loss – vaginal bleeding, also known as lochia, is normal. This is similar to a heavy period and gradually decreases over several weeks. You may notice blood clots too, but if they are especially large or there are lots of them, contact your care provider.
• Perineal soreness: If you’ve had a vaginal birth, you may feel pain and swelling in the vaginal and perineal area, particularly if you have had a tear or an episiotomy. Cold packs and sitz baths can provide some relief.
• Breast Changes: Your breasts may become swollen, hard and engorged as your milk ‘comes in’, which can cause discomfort. Around days 3-6, the first milk, colostrum, changes in consistency and volume in readiness for feeding your growing baby. Frequent feed can help alleviate this, along with breast compressions or massage. Be sure to wear a good fitting bra for support.
• Uterine Contractions: These are lower abdominal cramps, also known as”afterpains”. The job of these contractions is to help your uterus return to its pre-pregnancy size. It’s a process we call involution. Afterpains and usually subside within a few days and are more common when you have had more than one baby. 
• Fatigue: Labour and birth is exhausting! Combine this with the demands of caring for a newborn, tiredness is extremely common. Rest as much as you possibly can, utilising help from loved ones where you can.

Emotional Changes After Birth

As well as physical changes and healing, the body also experiences emotional changes after having a baby:

1. Hormonal Shifts: Hormones change significantly after birth, which contributes to emotional changes. There may be moments of elation, followed quickly by tearfull episodes. It’s common to experience the “baby blues,” which include mood swings, irritability, and tearfulness. This is experienced by most new mothers and is short lived. If you are feeling exceptionally low for more than a couple of weeks, seek support from your care provider so that they can monitor you for postnatal depression.

2. Body Image: It takes time for your body to recover and return to its pre-pregnancy state. Be patient and gentle with yourself as you heal.

3. Mental Health: While some emotional changes are normal, persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, or hopelessness may indicate postpartum depression. It’s crucial to seek support from a midwife, health visitor or GP if you feel overwhelmed. Reach out to loved ones too if you are struggling.

Family and Partner Support

Support from family and your partner is vital during postpartum recovery. Here are ways they can help:

1. Practical Help: Assisting with household chores, cooking meals, and taking care of other children can relieve some of your burden.

2. Emotional Support: Listening to your concerns and providing reassurance can help you navigate the emotional ups and downs.

3. Shared Responsibilities: Encourage your partner to be actively involved in baby care, including feeding, diaper changes, and soothing. This not only supports you but also strengthens their bond with the baby.

When to Reach Out to Your Care Provider

Knowing when to seek medical advice is crucial for your health:

1. Excessive Bleeding: If you experience heavy bleeding or pass large clots, contact your care provider without delay for advice.

2. Infection Signs: Symptoms such as fever, foul-smelling discharge, or severe pain may indicate an infection.

3. Mental Health Concerns: If feelings of sadness or anxiety become overwhelming or persist beyond two weeks, seek support from your GP or health visitor.

4. Breastfeeding Issues: If you encounter challenges with breastfeeding, such as severe pain, nipple damage, or concerns about milk supply, a lactation consultant can provide assistance.

For new parents seeking comprehensive guidance through the early days of parenthood, the NowBaby ‘New Mum, New Baby Course’ offers invaluable support. This on-demand course covers everything you need to know about postpartum recovery, newborn care, and adjusting to life with your new baby. Led by experienced professionals, the course ensures you are well-prepared for the journey ahead.

Empower yourself with knowledge and confidence by enrolling in the NowBaby ‘New Mum, New Baby Course’ today. Learn more and sign up here